Production-Ready Selenium POM Framework with ExtentReports

Production-Ready Selenium POM Framework (Java + TestNG + ExtentReports)

This article provides a ready-to-use, production-grade Selenium Page Object Model (POM) framework you can drop straight into a Java project.

The stack includes:

Java 17 + Maven
Selenium 4 + WebDriverManager
TestNG (parallel-ready)
ExtentReports 5 (Spark) with screenshots on failure
Log4j2 logging
Multi-environment config (dev / qa / prod)
Centralized locator repository (ElementRepository)
Thread-safe WebDriver and thread-safe Extent tests

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1. Project Structure

Recommended Maven project layout:

pom.xml

src
 ├─ main
 │   └─ java
 │       └─ com.automationcodes.automation
 │           ├─ config
 │           │   ├─ ConfigManager.java
 │           │   └─ Environment.java
 │           ├─ core
 │           │   ├─ DriverFactory.java
 │           │   ├─ DriverManager.java
 │           │   ├─ WaitUtils.java
 │           │   └─ TestContext.java
 │           ├─ locators
 │           │   └─ ElementRepository.java
 │           ├─ pages
 │           │   ├─ BasePage.java
 │           │   ├─ LoginPage.java
 │           │   └─ HomePage.java
 │           └─ utils
 │               ├─ LoggerUtil.java
 │               └─ ScreenshotUtil.java
 └─ test
     ├─ java
     │   └─ com.automationcodes.automation.tests
     │       ├─ base
     │       │   └─ BaseTest.java
     │       ├─ listeners
     │       │   └─ TestListener.java
     │       ├─ reporting
     │       │   ├─ ExtentManager.java
     │       │   └─ ExtentTestManager.java
     │       └─ login
     │           └─ LoginTests.java
     └─ resources
         ├─ config
         │   ├─ config-dev.properties
         │   ├─ config-qa.properties
         │   └─ config-prod.properties
         ├─ log4j2.xml
         └─ testng.xml

You can change the base package com.automationcodes.automation if needed—just update package declarations consistently.

2. Maven `pom.xml`

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.automationcodes</groupId>
    <artifactId>ui-automation</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <name>UI Automation Framework</name>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <selenium.version>4.24.0</selenium.version>
        <testng.version>7.10.2</testng.version>
        <log4j2.version>2.23.1</log4j2.version>
        <webdrivermanager.version>5.9.2</webdrivermanager.version>
        <extentreports.version>5.1.1</extentreports.version>
        <surefire.version>3.2.5</surefire.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Selenium -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>${selenium.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- WebDriverManager -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
            <artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
            <version>${webdrivermanager.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- TestNG -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>${testng.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Log4j2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j2.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j2.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- ExtentReports -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.aventstack</groupId>
            <artifactId>extentreports</artifactId>
            <version>${extentreports.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Allure (optional) -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.qameta.allure</groupId>
            <artifactId>allure-testng</artifactId>
            <version>2.27.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Commons IO -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.16.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Compiler -->
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.13.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${maven.compiler.source}</source>
                    <target>${maven.compiler.target}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <!-- Surefire for TestNG -->
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${surefire.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*Test.java</include>
                        <include>**/*Tests.java</include>
                    </includes>
                    <suiteXmlFiles>
                        <suiteXmlFile>src/test/resources/testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                    </suiteXmlFiles>
                    <systemProperties>
                        <property>
                            <name>env</name>
                            <value>${env}</value>
                        </property>
                    </systemProperties>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>dev</id>
            <activation>
                <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
            </activation>
            <properties>
                <env>dev</env>
            </properties>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>qa</id>
            <properties>
                <env>qa</env>
            </properties>
        </profile>
        <profile>
            <id>prod</id>
            <properties>
                <env>prod</env>
            </properties>
        </profile>
    </profiles>
</project>

3. Environment & Configuration

3.1 `Environment.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.config;

public enum Environment {
    DEV("config-dev.properties"),
    QA("config-qa.properties"),
    PROD("config-prod.properties");

    private final String fileName;

    Environment(String fileName) {
        this.fileName = fileName;
    }

    public String getFileName() {
        return fileName;
    }

    public static Environment fromString(String env) {
        if (env == null) return DEV;
        switch (env.toLowerCase()) {
            case "qa":
                return QA;
            case "prod":
                return PROD;
            case "dev":
            default:
                return DEV;
        }
    }
}

3.2 `ConfigManager.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.config;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ConfigManager {

    private static Properties properties;
    private static final Object lock = new Object();

    private ConfigManager() {}

    public static Properties getProperties() {
        if (properties == null) {
            synchronized (lock) {
                if (properties == null) {
                    loadProperties();
                }
            }
        }
        return properties;
    }

    private static void loadProperties() {
        String envParam = System.getProperty("env", "dev");
        Environment environment = Environment.fromString(envParam);

        properties = new Properties();
        String path = "config/" + environment.getFileName();

        try (InputStream inputStream =
                     ConfigManager.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(path)) {
            if (inputStream == null) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Config file not found: " + path);
            }
            properties.load(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to load config file: " + path, e);
        }
    }

    public static String get(String key) {
        return getProperties().getProperty(key);
    }

    public static String get(String key, String defaultValue) {
        return getProperties().getProperty(key, defaultValue);
    }

    public static int getInt(String key, int defaultValue) {
        String value = get(key);
        if (value == null) return defaultValue;
        return Integer.parseInt(value.trim());
    }

    public static boolean getBoolean(String key, boolean defaultValue) {
        String value = get(key);
        if (value == null) return defaultValue;
        return Boolean.parseBoolean(value.trim());
    }
}

3.3 Sample config file

src/test/resources/config/config-dev.properties:

base.url=https://the-internet.herokuapp.com
browser=chrome
implicit.wait.seconds=0
explicit.wait.seconds=15
page.load.timeout.seconds=30
run.headless=false
screenshots.on.failure=true

4. Core WebDriver Layer

4.1 `DriverManager.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.core;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

public class DriverManager {

    private static final ThreadLocal<WebDriver> DRIVER = new ThreadLocal<>();

    private DriverManager() {}

    public static WebDriver getDriver() {
        return DRIVER.get();
    }

    public static void setDriver(WebDriver driver) {
        DRIVER.set(driver);
    }

    public static void unload() {
        WebDriver driver = DRIVER.get();
        if (driver != null) {
            driver.quit();
            DRIVER.remove();
        }
    }
}

4.2 `DriverFactory.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.core;

import com.automationcodes.automation.config.ConfigManager;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;
import org.openqa.selenium.PageLoadStrategy;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import java.time.Duration;

public class DriverFactory {

    private DriverFactory() {}

    public static WebDriver createInstance() {
        String browser = ConfigManager.get("browser", "chrome").toLowerCase();
        boolean headless = ConfigManager.getBoolean("run.headless", false);

        WebDriver driver;

        switch (browser) {
            case "firefox":
                WebDriverManager.firefoxdriver().setup();
                FirefoxOptions ffOptions = new FirefoxOptions();
                ffOptions.setHeadless(headless);
                driver = new FirefoxDriver(ffOptions);
                break;

            case "edge":
                WebDriverManager.edgedriver().setup();
                driver = new EdgeDriver();
                break;

            case "chrome":
            default:
                WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
                ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
                options.setPageLoadStrategy(PageLoadStrategy.NORMAL);
                if (headless) {
                    options.addArguments("--headless=new");
                    options.addArguments("--window-size=1920,1080");
                } else {
                    options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
                }
                options.addArguments("--disable-infobars");
                options.addArguments("--disable-gpu");
                options.addArguments("--no-sandbox");
                driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
                break;
        }

        int pageLoadTimeout = ConfigManager.getInt("page.load.timeout.seconds", 30);
        int implicitWait = ConfigManager.getInt("implicit.wait.seconds", 0);

        driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(pageLoadTimeout));
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(implicitWait));

        return driver;
    }
}

4.3 `WaitUtils.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.core;

import com.automationcodes.automation.config.ConfigManager;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import java.time.Duration;

public class WaitUtils {

    private WaitUtils() {}

    private static WebDriverWait getWait() {
        int timeout = ConfigManager.getInt("explicit.wait.seconds", 15);
        return new WebDriverWait(DriverManager.getDriver(), Duration.ofSeconds(timeout));
    }

    public static WebElement waitForVisible(By locator) {
        return getWait().until(driver -> {
            try {
                WebElement element = driver.findElement(locator);
                return element.isDisplayed() ? element : null;
            } catch (NoSuchElementException | StaleElementReferenceException e) {
                return null;
            }
        });
    }

    public static boolean waitForInvisibility(By locator) {
        return getWait().until(driver -> {
            try {
                WebElement element = driver.findElement(locator);
                return !element.isDisplayed();
            } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {
                return true;
            }
        });
    }

    public static void waitForPageLoadComplete() {
        ExpectedCondition<Boolean> expectation = driver ->
                ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("return document.readyState")
                        .equals("complete");

        getWait().until(expectation);
    }
}

4.4 `TestContext.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.core;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class TestContext {

    private static final ThreadLocal<Map<String, Object>> CONTEXT =
            ThreadLocal.withInitial(HashMap::new);

    private TestContext() {}

    public static void set(String key, Object value) {
        CONTEXT.get().put(key, value);
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static <T> T get(String key) {
        return (T) CONTEXT.get().get(key);
    }

    public static void clear() {
        CONTEXT.get().clear();
    }
}

5. Utilities: Logging & Screenshots

5.1 `LoggerUtil.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.utils;

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;

public class LoggerUtil {

    private LoggerUtil() {}

    public static Logger getLogger(Class<?> clazz) {
        return LogManager.getLogger(clazz);
    }
}

5.2 `ScreenshotUtil.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.utils;

import com.automationcodes.automation.core.DriverManager;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

public class ScreenshotUtil {

    private static final String SCREENSHOT_DIR = "target/screenshots";

    private ScreenshotUtil() {}

    public static String takeScreenshot(String namePrefix) {
        File srcFile = ((TakesScreenshot) DriverManager.getDriver())
                .getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

        String timestamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss_SSS").format(new Date());
        String fileName = namePrefix + "_" + timestamp + ".png";

        File destFile = Paths.get(SCREENSHOT_DIR, fileName).toFile();
        destFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();

        try {
            FileUtils.copyFile(srcFile, destFile);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return destFile.getAbsolutePath();
    }
}

5.3 `log4j2.xml`

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="WARN">
    <Appenders>
        <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level [%t] %c{1} - %msg%n"/>
        </Console>
        <RollingFile name="File" fileName="target/logs/framework.log"
                     filePattern="target/logs/framework-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log.gz">
            <PatternLayout>
                <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level [%t] %c - %msg%n</pattern>
            </PatternLayout>
            <Policies>
                <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="10MB"/>
            </Policies>
        </RollingFile>
    </Appenders>

    <Loggers>
        <Root level="info">
            <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
            <AppenderRef ref="File"/>
        </Root>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>

6. Centralized Element Locators

ElementRepository groups locators by page.

package com.automationcodes.automation.locators;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

public final class ElementRepository {

    private ElementRepository() {}

    public static final class LoginPage {
        private LoginPage() {}
        public static final By USERNAME_FIELD = By.id("username");
        public static final By PASSWORD_FIELD = By.id("password");
        public static final By LOGIN_BUTTON   = By.cssSelector("button[type='submit']");
        public static final By ERROR_MESSAGE  = By.id("flash");
    }

    public static final class HomePage {
        private HomePage() {}
        public static final By FLASH_MESSAGE = By.id("flash");
    }

    // Add more nested classes for other pages/components
}

7. Page Objects

7.1 `BasePage.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.pages;

import com.automationcodes.automation.config.ConfigManager;
import com.automationcodes.automation.core.DriverManager;
import com.automationcodes.automation.core.WaitUtils;
import com.automationcodes.automation.utils.LoggerUtil;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

public abstract class BasePage {

    protected WebDriver driver;
    protected Logger log;
    protected String baseUrl;

    protected BasePage() {
        this.driver = DriverManager.getDriver();
        this.log = LoggerUtil.getLogger(this.getClass());
        this.baseUrl = ConfigManager.get("base.url");
    }

    protected void openRelativeUrl(String relativePath) {
        String url = baseUrl + (relativePath.startsWith("/") ? relativePath : "/" + relativePath);
        log.info("Navigating to: {}", url);
        driver.get(url);
        WaitUtils.waitForPageLoadComplete();
    }

    protected WebElement find(By locator) {
        return driver.findElement(locator);
    }

    protected WebElement findVisible(By locator) {
        return WaitUtils.waitForVisible(locator);
    }

    protected void click(By locator) {
        WebElement element = findVisible(locator);
        element.click();
        log.debug("Clicked element: {}", locator);
    }

    protected void type(By locator, String text) {
        WebElement element = findVisible(locator);
        element.clear();
        element.sendKeys(text);
        log.debug("Typed '{}' into element: {}", text, locator);
    }

    protected String getText(By locator) {
        String text = findVisible(locator).getText();
        log.debug("Got text '{}' from element: {}", text, locator);
        return text;
    }

    protected boolean isDisplayed(By locator) {
        try {
            return findVisible(locator).isDisplayed();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return driver.getTitle();
    }

    public String getCurrentUrl() {
        return driver.getCurrentUrl();
    }
}

7.2 `LoginPage.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.pages;

import com.automationcodes.automation.locators.ElementRepository.LoginPage;

public class LoginPage extends BasePage {

    public LoginPage open() {
        log.info("Opening Login Page");
        openRelativeUrl("/login");
        return this;
    }

    public LoginPage typeUsername(String username) {
        type(LoginPage.USERNAME_FIELD, username);
        return this;
    }

    public LoginPage typePassword(String password) {
        type(LoginPage.PASSWORD_FIELD, password);
        return this;
    }

    public HomePage clickLoginSuccess() {
        click(LoginPage.LOGIN_BUTTON);
        log.info("Clicked login button (success expected)");
        return new HomePage();
    }

    public LoginPage clickLoginExpectingFailure() {
        click(LoginPage.LOGIN_BUTTON);
        log.info("Clicked login button (failure expected)");
        return this;
    }

    public String getErrorMessage() {
        return getText(LoginPage.ERROR_MESSAGE);
    }
}

7.3 `HomePage.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.pages;

import com.automationcodes.automation.locators.ElementRepository.HomePage;

public class HomePage extends BasePage {

    public String getFlashMessage() {
        return getText(HomePage.FLASH_MESSAGE);
    }
}

8. ExtentReports Integration

8.1 `ExtentManager.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.tests.reporting;

import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentReports;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.reporter.ExtentSparkReporter;

import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

public class ExtentManager {

    private static ExtentReports extent;

    private ExtentManager() {}

    public synchronized static ExtentReports getInstance() {
        if (extent == null) {
            extent = createInstance();
        }
        return extent;
    }

    private static ExtentReports createInstance() {
        String timestamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());
        String reportPath = Paths.get("target", "reports", "ExtentReport_" + timestamp + ".html").toString();

        ExtentSparkReporter spark = new ExtentSparkReporter(reportPath);
        spark.config().setDocumentTitle("UI Automation Report");
        spark.config().setReportName("UI Regression Suite");

        ExtentReports ER = new ExtentReports();
        ER.attachReporter(spark);

        ER.setSystemInfo("Environment", System.getProperty("env", "dev"));
        ER.setSystemInfo("OS", System.getProperty("os.name"));
        ER.setSystemInfo("Java Version", System.getProperty("java.version"));

        return ER;
    }
}

8.2 `ExtentTestManager.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.tests.reporting;

import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentTest;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class ExtentTestManager {

    private static final Map<Long, ExtentTest> TEST_MAP = new HashMap<>();

    private ExtentTestManager() {}

    public static synchronized ExtentTest getTest() {
        return TEST_MAP.get(Thread.currentThread().getId());
    }

    public static synchronized void setTest(ExtentTest test) {
        TEST_MAP.put(Thread.currentThread().getId(), test);
    }

    public static synchronized void removeTest() {
        TEST_MAP.remove(Thread.currentThread().getId());
    }
}

9. TestNG Listener (Extent + Screenshots + Allure)

package com.automationcodes.automation.tests.listeners;

import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentReports;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.Status;
import com.automationcodes.automation.config.ConfigManager;
import com.automationcodes.automation.core.DriverManager;
import com.automationcodes.automation.tests.reporting.ExtentManager;
import com.automationcodes.automation.tests.reporting.ExtentTestManager;
import com.automationcodes.automation.utils.LoggerUtil;
import com.automationcodes.automation.utils.ScreenshotUtil;
import io.qameta.allure.Attachment;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.testng.*;

public class TestListener implements ITestListener, ISuiteListener {

    private final Logger log = LoggerUtil.getLogger(this.getClass());
    private ExtentReports extent;

    @Override
    public void onStart(ISuite suite) {
        log.info("Initializing ExtentReports for suite: {}", suite.getName());
        extent = ExtentManager.getInstance();
    }

    @Override
    public void onFinish(ISuite suite) {
        log.info("Flushing ExtentReports for suite: {}", suite.getName());
        if (extent != null) {
            extent.flush();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onTestStart(ITestResult result) {
        String className = result.getTestClass().getName();
        String methodName = result.getMethod().getMethodName();
        String desc = result.getMethod().getDescription();

        String displayName = className + "." + methodName;
        if (desc != null && !desc.isEmpty()) {
            displayName += " - " + desc;
        }

        log.info("Starting test: {}", displayName);
        ExtentTestManager.setTest(extent.createTest(displayName));
        ExtentTestManager.getTest().log(Status.INFO, "Test started");
    }

    @Override
    public void onTestSuccess(ITestResult result) {
        log.info("Test PASSED: {}.{}", result.getTestClass().getName(), result.getName());
        if (ExtentTestManager.getTest() != null) {
            ExtentTestManager.getTest().log(Status.PASS, "Test passed");
        }
        ExtentTestManager.removeTest();
    }

    @Override
    public void onTestFailure(ITestResult result) {
        String testName = result.getTestClass().getName() + "." + result.getName();
        log.error("Test FAILED: {}", testName, result.getThrowable());

        boolean capture = ConfigManager.getBoolean("screenshots.on.failure", true);
        String screenshotPath = null;

        if (capture && DriverManager.getDriver() != null) {
            screenshotPath = ScreenshotUtil.takeScreenshot(result.getName());
            log.info("Screenshot saved to {}", screenshotPath);
            saveFailureScreenshotToAllure();
        }

        if (ExtentTestManager.getTest() != null) {
            ExtentTestManager.getTest().log(Status.FAIL,
                    "Test failed: " + result.getThrowable().getMessage());
            if (screenshotPath != null) {
                try {
                    ExtentTestManager.getTest()
                            .addScreenCaptureFromPath(screenshotPath, "Failure Screenshot");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.warn("Unable to attach screenshot to Extent: {}", e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }

        ExtentTestManager.removeTest();
    }

    @Override
    public void onTestSkipped(ITestResult result) {
        log.warn("Test SKIPPED: {}.{}", result.getTestClass().getName(), result.getName());
        if (ExtentTestManager.getTest() != null) {
            ExtentTestManager.getTest().log(Status.SKIP,
                    "Test skipped: " +
                            (result.getThrowable() != null ? result.getThrowable().getMessage() : ""));
        }
        ExtentTestManager.removeTest();
    }

    @Override public void onTestFailedButWithinSuccessPercentage(ITestResult result) {}
    @Override public void onStart(ITestContext context) { log.info("Starting context: {}", context.getName()); }
    @Override public void onFinish(ITestContext context) { log.info("Finishing context: {}", context.getName()); }

    @Attachment(value = "Failure Screenshot", type = "image/png")
    public byte[] saveFailureScreenshotToAllure() {
        if (DriverManager.getDriver() == null) return new byte[0];
        return ((TakesScreenshot) DriverManager.getDriver()).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.BYTES);
    }
}

10. Base Test Class & Sample Tests

10.1 `BaseTest.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.tests.base;

import com.automationcodes.automation.config.ConfigManager;
import com.automationcodes.automation.core.DriverFactory;
import com.automationcodes.automation.core.DriverManager;
import com.automationcodes.automation.core.TestContext;
import com.automationcodes.automation.utils.LoggerUtil;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.*;

public abstract class BaseTest {

    protected Logger log = LoggerUtil.getLogger(this.getClass());
    protected String baseUrl;

    @Parameters({"env"})
    @BeforeSuite(alwaysRun = true)
    public void beforeSuite(@Optional String env) {
        if (env != null && !env.isEmpty()) {
            System.setProperty("env", env);
        }
        log.info("Starting test suite. env={}", System.getProperty("env", "dev"));
    }

    @BeforeMethod(alwaysRun = true)
    public void setUp() {
        WebDriver driver = DriverFactory.createInstance();
        DriverManager.setDriver(driver);
        baseUrl = ConfigManager.get("base.url");
        TestContext.set("baseUrl", baseUrl);
        log.info("WebDriver created. Base URL: {}", baseUrl);
    }

    @AfterMethod(alwaysRun = true)
    public void tearDown() {
        log.info("Tearing down WebDriver");
        DriverManager.unload();
        TestContext.clear();
    }
}

10.2 `LoginTests.java`

package com.automationcodes.automation.tests.login;

import com.automationcodes.automation.pages.HomePage;
import com.automationcodes.automation.pages.LoginPage;
import com.automationcodes.automation.tests.base.BaseTest;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class LoginTests extends BaseTest {

    @Test(description = "Valid user should be able to login successfully")
    public void validLoginShouldSucceed() {
        HomePage homePage = new LoginPage()
                .open()
                .typeUsername("tomsmith")
                .typePassword("SuperSecretPassword!")
                .clickLoginSuccess();

        String message = homePage.getFlashMessage();
        Assert.assertTrue(message.contains("You logged into a secure area!"),
                "Expected success message not present. Actual: " + message);
    }

    @Test(description = "Invalid login should show error message")
    public void invalidLoginShouldFail() {
        LoginPage loginPage = new LoginPage()
                .open()
                .typeUsername("invalid")
                .typePassword("invalid")
                .clickLoginExpectingFailure();

        String error = loginPage.getErrorMessage();
        Assert.assertTrue(error.toLowerCase().contains("your username is invalid"),
                "Expected error message not present. Actual: " + error);
    }
}

11. TestNG Suite

src/test/resources/testng.xml:

<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "https://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name="UI Automation Suite" parallel="tests" thread-count="3">

    <listeners>
        <listener class-name="com.automationcodes.automation.tests.listeners.TestListener"/>
    </listeners>

    <test name="Login Tests - Dev">
        <parameter name="env" value="dev"/>
        <classes>
            <class name="com.automationcodes.automation.tests.login.LoginTests"/>
        </classes>
    </test>

</suite>

12. Running the Framework

From the project root:

Dev (default profile)

mvn clean test

QA

mvn clean test -Pqa

Prod

mvn clean test -Pprod

Generated artifacts:

Extent HTML report: target/reports/ExtentReport_<timestamp>.html
Screenshots on failure: target/screenshots
Logs: target/logs/framework.log

```

Selenium POM framework

Production-Ready Selenium POM Framework (Java + TestNG + ExtentReports)

1. Project Structure

2. Maven pom.xml

3. Environment & Configuration

3.1 Environment.java

3.2 ConfigManager.java

3.3 Sample config file

4. Core WebDriver Layer

4.1 DriverManager.java

4.2 DriverFactory.java

4.3 WaitUtils.java

4.4 TestContext.java

5. Utilities: Logging & Screenshots

5.1 LoggerUtil.java

5.2 ScreenshotUtil.java

5.3 log4j2.xml

6. Centralized Element Locators

7. Page Objects

7.1 BasePage.java

7.2 LoginPage.java

7.3 HomePage.java

8. ExtentReports Integration

8.1 ExtentManager.java

8.2 ExtentTestManager.java

9. TestNG Listener (Extent + Screenshots + Allure)

10. Base Test Class & Sample Tests

10.1 BaseTest.java

10.2 LoginTests.java

11. TestNG Suite

12. Running the Framework

Dev (default profile)

QA

Prod

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